120 Years of Electronic Music
Electronic Musical Instrument 1870 - 1990
The Hammond Solovox (1940)
Hammon Solovox
The Model J Hammond Solovox (Photograph courtesy of Eric Barbour, Svetlana Electron Devices)
The Solovox was designed by Alan Young of the Hammond Organ Co and manufactured in the United States between 1940 and 1948.The Hammond Solovox was a monophonic keyboard attachment instrument intended to accompany the piano with organ type lead voices.

The 3 octave short keyed keyboard was stored on a sliding mounting under the piano keyboard with a knee operated volume control. The Solovox was connected to the electronic sound generation box and speaker housing by three thick cables. The sound was derived from a single LC oscillator which had a frequency range of one octave. The signal from the oscillator was then passed through a series of 5 frequency dividers to create a further two octaves. The Solovox (J+K models) used two vibrating metal reeds modulate the oscillator frequency to create a vibrato effect, in later models this was replaced by a second oscillator acting as a vibrato oscillator.

On the front of the instrument below the keyboard there were a series of large thumb operated buttons for oscillator range (switchable +/- 3 octaves: 'soprano', 'contralto','tenor' , 'bass'), vibrato, attack time, 'deep tone', 'full tone', '1st voice', 2nd voice', 'brilliant' and a switch for selecting woodwind, string sound or mute. The Solovox was able to create a range of string, woodwind and organ type sounds and was widely used in light music of its time.

The sound unit, amplifier and speakers of the Solovox
(Photograph courtesy of Eric Barbour, Svetlana Electron Devices)
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